Published results showed exercise in combination with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist treatment may be an effective weight loss strategy that preserves clinically relevant site-specific bone mineral density.

Simon Birk Kjær Jensen, PhD, from the department of biomedical sciences at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark, and colleagues performed a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial of 195 patients (mean age, 42.84 years) with obesity and without diabetes who were treated for weight loss.

Jensen and colleagues randomly assigned 49 patients to receive glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) treatment (3 mg daily of liraglutide), 48 patients to receive exercise alone, 49 patients to receive a combination of exercise and liraglutide and 49 patients to receive a placebo. All patients were placed on an 8-week low-calorie diet and underwent the intervention for 52 weeks.

Primary outcome measure was change in site-specific BMD at the hip, lumbar spine and distal forearm measured by DXA.

After completion of the interventions, total estimated mean weight loss was 7.03 kg in the placebo group, 11.19 kg in the exercise group, 13.74 kg in the liraglutide group and 16.88 kg in the combination group. Jensen and colleagues found patients who received exercise in combination with liraglutide had no significant changes in BMD at the hip (mean change = 0.006 g/cm²) or spine (mean change = 0.010 g/cm²) compared with the placebo group. They also noted patients who received liraglutide alone had decreased BMD at the hip (mean change = 0.013 g/cm²) and spine (mean change = 0.016 g/cm²) compared with patients who received exercise alone.

“These findings suggest that the addition of exercise to GLP-1RA treatment is an effective weight loss strategy while preserving bone health,” Jensen and colleagues wrote in the study.

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